Journal: Journal of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine

Article Title: Developing a biomimetic tooth bud model

doi: 10.1002/term.2246

Figure Lengend Snippet: Comparative elastic moduli of gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) constructs and natural porcine dental tissues. (a) GelMA Gel formulae with corresponding GelMA and photoinitiator concentrations (% w/v). Elastic moduli of (b) unseeded GelMA constructs, (c) porcine dental epithelial (pDE)–porcine dental mesenchymal (pDM) cell-encapsulated GelMA constructs, and (d) natural porcine dental tissues. Dental cell-seeded Gel 3 had similar elastic modulus to that of pDM tissue. Bar graphs represent average ± SD (n = 3). ND, not determined (elastic modulus below detection level). ***p ≤ 0.001; ANOVA followed by Sidak s comparison

Article Snippet: Biomimetic 3D GelMA tooth bud constructs provide a promising model for the eventual development of functional, bioengineered replacement teeth of specified size and shape.

Techniques: Construct, Comparison

Journal: Journal of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine

Article Title: Developing a biomimetic tooth bud model

doi: 10.1002/term.2246

Figure Lengend Snippet: Capillary-like network formation within in vitro-cultured porcine dental mesenchymal (pDM)–human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) constructs. (a,b) pDM–HUVEC Gel 3 construct and (c) porcine dental epithelial (pDE)-HUVEC Gel 3 construct. Vascular network formation was observed in pDM–HUVEC GelMA Gel 3 constructs after 4 weeks of in vitro culture (a, arrows). Confocal analyses revealed organized pDM–HUVEC structures (b). No capillary-like formation was observed in pDE–HUVEC constructs (c). Bar: (a,c) 50μm (b) 10 μm.

Article Snippet: Biomimetic 3D GelMA tooth bud constructs provide a promising model for the eventual development of functional, bioengineered replacement teeth of specified size and shape.

Techniques: In Vitro, Cell Culture, Construct

Journal: Journal of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine

Article Title: Developing a biomimetic tooth bud model

doi: 10.1002/term.2246

Figure Lengend Snippet: Parallel in vitro and in vivo bioengineered three-dimensional gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) tooth bud constructs. (a) Schematic of construct fabrication. (b) Experimental timeline. (c–j) Harvested in vivo implanted GelMA tooth bud constructs. Representative bright field images of replicate in vivo GelMA constructs harvested after 3 weeks (c–f) or 6 weeks (g–j) implantation. (c’–j’) Radiographic images of corresponding bright field images indicate mineralized tissue formation (arrows) in 3-week and 6-week constructs. Bar: 2 mm. DE, dental epithelial cell; DM, dental mesenchymal cell; HUVEC, human umbilical vein endothelial cell.

Article Snippet: Biomimetic 3D GelMA tooth bud constructs provide a promising model for the eventual development of functional, bioengineered replacement teeth of specified size and shape.

Techniques: In Vitro, In Vivo, Construct

Journal: Journal of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine

Article Title: Developing a biomimetic tooth bud model

doi: 10.1002/term.2246

Figure Lengend Snippet: Dental cell and human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) distribution within in vivo gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) tooth bud constructs. (a–c) Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining revealed high cellularity and the development of bone-like tissue over time. E-cadherin (Ecad)-expressing porcine dental epithelial (pDE) cells (d–f, d’–f’ arrows) and vimentin (VM)-expressing porcine dental mesenchymal (pDM) cells (g–i, g’–i’ arrows) were detected throughout the constructs. CD31-expressing HUVECs were also detected throughoutthe constructs (j–l, j’–l’) and contributed to vascular networks in 3-weekand 6-week in vitro-cultured constructs (k’,l’ arrows ). (d’–l’) Higher magnifications of boxed regions in d–l. Bar: (a–l) 200 μm, (d’–l’) 50 μm.

Article Snippet: Biomimetic 3D GelMA tooth bud constructs provide a promising model for the eventual development of functional, bioengineered replacement teeth of specified size and shape.

Techniques: In Vivo, Construct, Staining, Expressing, In Vitro, Cell Culture

Journal: Journal of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine

Article Title: Developing a biomimetic tooth bud model

doi: 10.1002/term.2246

Figure Lengend Snippet: Dental cell differentiation within in vivo gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) tooth bud constructs. A–i Immunohistochemical analyses of tooth and bone specific markers in 1-, 3- and 6-week in vivo constructs. The odontoblast differentiation marker dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) was detected throughout the constructs at each time-point (a–c, a’–c’). Odontoblast/osteoblast differentiationmarker osteocalcin (OC) expression increased overtime invivo (d–f, d’–f’).Ameloblast differentiationmarker amelogenin (AM) was detected throughout the constructs at all times (g–i, g’–i’). (a’–i’) Higher magnification images of boxed regions in a–i. Bar: (a–i) 200 μm, (a’–i’) 50 μm.

Article Snippet: Biomimetic 3D GelMA tooth bud constructs provide a promising model for the eventual development of functional, bioengineered replacement teeth of specified size and shape.

Techniques: Cell Differentiation, In Vivo, Construct, Immunohistochemical staining, Marker, Expressing

Journal: Journal of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine

Article Title: Developing a biomimetic tooth bud model

doi: 10.1002/term.2246

Figure Lengend Snippet: Schematic of bioengineered neovascular formation in gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) tooth bud constructs. (a) Cross-sectional and (b) longitudinal schematic along with a (c) color-coded key depicting the organization of normal blood vessel, in vitro-cultured GelMA construct capillary network formation, and neovascularization and mineralization of in vivo implanted GelMA constructs. AM, amelogenin; DSPP, dentin sialophosphoprotein; HUVEC, human umbilical vein endothelial cell; OC, osteocalcin; pDE, porcine dental epithelial cell; pDM, porcine dental mesenchymal cell.

Article Snippet: Biomimetic 3D GelMA tooth bud constructs provide a promising model for the eventual development of functional, bioengineered replacement teeth of specified size and shape.

Techniques: Construct, In Vitro, Cell Culture, In Vivo

Journal: Biomaterials

Article Title: Dental Cell Sheet Biomimetic Tooth Bud Model

doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.08.024

Figure Lengend Snippet: A. DE and DM cells were seeded on thermo-responsive plates and cultured in normal DE and DM media, respectively, for 14 days. DE and DM CSs were detached by temperature reduction (20ºC) and layered over GelMA constructs to create experimental 3D tooth bud constructs (CSG = DE and DM CSs layered over dental cells encapsulated in GelMA; G = GelMA alone). For in vivo analyses, replicate constructs were cultured in osteogenic media for 4 days and implanted subcutaneously onto the backs of the rats. B. Bioengineered 3D CS - GelMA tooth bud model. The bottom layer mimics the pulp organ (5% GelMA encapsulating DM cells) and the top layer mimics the enamel organ (3% GelMA encapsulating DE cells). The DE and DM CS layers mimic polarized DE-DM cell layers normally observed in developing teeth. C. Steps used to prepare the constructs. DM cells (3×107 cells/ml) were re-suspended in 100 μL of 5% GelMA and photo-crosslinked. DM and DE cell sheets were layered over the polymerized DM 5% GelMA. DE cells (3×107 cells/ml) re-suspended in 100 μL 3% GelMA and 100 μL, layered over construct and photo-crosslinked.

Article Snippet: For in vivo analyses, bioengineered 3D CS-GelMA constructs were cultured in osteogenic media for 4 days in 5% CO2 at 37°C, and randomly implanted subcutaneously onto the backs of immunocompromised 5 month old female Rowett Nude rats (Charles River Laboratories, Willmington, MA).

Techniques: Cell Culture, Construct, In Vivo

Journal: Biomaterials

Article Title: Dental Cell Sheet Biomimetic Tooth Bud Model

doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.08.024

Figure Lengend Snippet: A. In vivo implanted 3 week constructs at harvest (G is acellular GelMA, CSG is biomimetic 3D CSs GelMA construct). B. Bright field images of an in vivo CSG construct. C. Bright field image of an in vivo acellular GelMA constructs.

Article Snippet: For in vivo analyses, bioengineered 3D CS-GelMA constructs were cultured in osteogenic media for 4 days in 5% CO2 at 37°C, and randomly implanted subcutaneously onto the backs of immunocompromised 5 month old female Rowett Nude rats (Charles River Laboratories, Willmington, MA).

Techniques: In Vivo, Construct

Journal: Biomaterials

Article Title: Dental Cell Sheet Biomimetic Tooth Bud Model

doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.08.024

Figure Lengend Snippet: A. No mineralized tissue formation was observed in the acellular GelMA constructs (G). B. Mineralized tissue formation was observed in the CSG constructs. C. 3D model of the mineralized tissue. D. Quantification of mineral density (g/cm3) of the CSG constructs. E. Comparison of mineral densities from engineered and natural mineralized tissues (pig spine, trabecular bone, cortical bone and human enamel) [1, 2]. F. Percent volume of mineralized tissue within ranges of mineral density (ROI – region of interest corresponds to the whole mineralized tissue). G. Representation of areas of mineralized tissue within the ranges of mineral densities (white color represents areas within the range). Abbreviations: MD, mineral density.

Article Snippet: For in vivo analyses, bioengineered 3D CS-GelMA constructs were cultured in osteogenic media for 4 days in 5% CO2 at 37°C, and randomly implanted subcutaneously onto the backs of immunocompromised 5 month old female Rowett Nude rats (Charles River Laboratories, Willmington, MA).

Techniques: Construct

Journal: Cureus

Article Title: Accuracy Verification of Four-Dimensional CT Analysis of Knee Joint Movements: A Pilot Study Using a Knee Joint Model and Motion-Capture System

doi: 10.7759/cureus.35616

Figure Lengend Snippet: Static of the entire knee joint model and 4D-CT of the knee joint motion were acquired, and 3D-3D registrations were performed between them to measure the position and posture of the knee joint motion from the 4D-CT. The position and posture of the knee joint motion were measured simultaneously using the optical-motion capture system during the 4D-CT scans were performed, and the results were used as a reference standard. The accuracy of the 4D-CT was verified by comparing the positional orientation measured by the 4D-CT with the reference standard.

Article Snippet: Surface reconstruction and reference axis The 4D-CT images in DICOM format were imported into a 3D model construction software (N-View, Teijin-Nakashima Medical Co., Ltd., Okayama, Japan), and 3D models of the femur, tibia, and patella, which will be referred to as the “4D-CT model” hereafter, were constructed for each of the 20 volume scan acquisitions.

Techniques:

Journal: Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine

Article Title: Myoblast 3D bioprinting to burst in vitro skeletal muscle differentiation

doi: 10.1002/term.3293

Figure Lengend Snippet: Live (green)/Dead (red) and 4′,6‐diamidino‐2‐phenylindole (blue) images of different bioinks at specific time points in proliferative conditions. (a–c) CELLINK ® GelMA A‐UV 3D constructs; (d–f) CELLINK ® GelMA A CaCl2 3D constructs (g–m) CELLINK ® FIBRIN 3D constructs; (n–q) CELLINK ® GelXA FIBRIN 3D constructs. Due to mold contamination on construct borders, the experiments for CELLINK ® GelXA FIBRIN and CELLINK ® GelMA A have been prematurely interrupted on days 21 and 14 respectively. Scale bar 50 μm. Cell elongation is highlighted by asterisks (*)

Article Snippet: Nevertheless, especially in CELLINK ® FIBRIN 3D constructs, an initial C2C12 differentiation began at the borders of the 3D constructs, where small myotube formation appeared.

Techniques: Construct

Journal: Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine

Article Title: Myoblast 3D bioprinting to burst in vitro skeletal muscle differentiation

doi: 10.1002/term.3293

Figure Lengend Snippet: Live (green)/Dead (red) and 4′,6‐diamidino‐2‐phenylindole (blue) images of different bioinks during differentiation. (a,b) CELLINK ® GelMA A‐UV 3D constructs; (c,d) CELLINK ® GelMA A CaCl2 3D constructs (e–h) CELLINK ® FIBRIN 3D constructs; (i–l) CELLINK ® GelXA FIBRIN 3D constructs; Scale bars 50 μm. Cell elongation is highlighted by asterisks (*)

Article Snippet: Nevertheless, especially in CELLINK ® FIBRIN 3D constructs, an initial C2C12 differentiation began at the borders of the 3D constructs, where small myotube formation appeared.

Techniques: Construct